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นิยายแนวเคร่งเครียดที่เสี่ยงต่อการขาดทุนพิมพ์ออกมาปีละไม่ถึงสิบปก niH yaaiM naaeoM khrengF khriiatF theeF siiangL dtaawL gaanM khaatL thoonM phimM aawkL maaM bpeeM laH maiF theungR sipL bpohkL |
pronunciation guide | |
Phonemic Thai | นิ-ยาย-แนว-เคฺร่ง-เคฺรียด-ที่-เสี่ยง-ต่อ-กาน-ขาด-ทุน-พิม-ออก-มา-ปี-ละ-ไม่-ถึง-สิบ-ปก |
IPA | níʔ jaːj nɛːw kʰrêŋ kʰrîːat tʰîː sìːaŋ tɔ̀ː kaːn kʰàːt tʰun pʰim ʔɔ̀ːk maː piː láʔ mâj tʰɯ̌ŋ sìp pòk |
Royal Thai General System | niyai naeo khreng khriat thi siang to kan khat thun phim ok ma pi la mai thueng sip pok |
[example sentence] | |||
definition | "Each year not even ten serious novels which might lose money were published." | ||
components | นิยายแนวเคร่งเครียด | niH yaaiM naaeoM khrengF khriiatF | serious novels; tragedies |
ที่ | theeF | [the relative pronouns] that; which; which is... | |
เสี่ยง | siiangL | to risk; gamble; take a chance; estimate | |
ต่อ | dtaawL | against; towards; to; further; on; for | |
การ | gaanM | [placed before a verb or noun to create a noun which indicates a general activity, process, or state] the process of..., the activity of..., an enactment of..., the state of... [see notes] | |
ขาดทุน | khaatL thoonM | financial shortfall; business loss | |
พิมพ์ | phimM | to print; type; importing; make an impression of | |
ออกมา | aawkL maaM | [resultative grammatical marker indicating "out" or "away"] | |
ปี | bpeeM | year; annum; annual | |
ละ | laH | to forsake; abandon; or leave | |
ไม่ | maiF | not; no | |
ถึง | theungR | to reach; arrive at; attain; get to | |
สิบ | sipL | ten; the number or quantity ten | |
ปก | bpohkL | [numeric classifier for book titles] | |