for the Thai language
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| เมื่อกระฎุมพีเริ่มขยายตัวก็พบว่าอำนาจของศักดินาที่ยังตกค้างอยู่ เป็นอุปสรรคต่อการเพิ่มพูนโภคทรัพย์และอำนาจของตน meuuaF graL doomM pheeM reermF khaL yaaiR dtuaaM gaawF phohpH waaF amM naatF khaawngR sakL diL naaM theeF yangM dtohkL khaangH yuuL bpenM oopL bpaL sakL dtaawL gaanM pheermF phuunM pho:hkF khaH sapH laeH amM naatF khaawngR dtohnM |  |
| pronunciation guide | |
| Phonemic Thai | เมื่อ-กฺระ-ดุม-พี-เริ่ม-ขะ-หฺยาย-ตัว-ก้อ-พบ-ว่า-อำ-นาด-ของ-สัก-ดิ-นา-ที่-ยัง-ตก-ค้าง-หฺยู่-เป็น-อุบ-ปะ-สัก-ต่อ-กาน-เพิ่ม-พูน-โพก-คะ-ซับ-และ-อำ-นาด-ของ-ตน |
| IPA | mɯ̂ːa kràʔ dum pʰiː rɤ̂ːm kʰà jǎːj tuːa kɔ̂ː pʰóp wâː ʔam nâːt kʰɔ̌ːŋ sàk dìʔ naː tʰîː jaŋ tòk kʰáːŋ jùː pen ʔùp pà sàk tɔ̀ː kaːn pʰɤ̂ːm pʰuːn pʰôːk kʰá sáp lɛ́ʔ ʔam nâːt kʰɔ̌ːŋ ton |
| Royal Thai General System | muea kradumphi roem khayai tua ko phop wa amnat khong sakdina thi yang tok khang yu pen uppasak to kan phoem phun phokkhasap lae amnat khong ton |
| [example sentence] | |||
| definition | "When the middle class bourgeois began to expand in number they found that the residual power of the landed gentry was a barrier to the accumulation of their own wealth and power." | ||
| components |  เมื่อ  | meuuaF | [indicating a point in time] when; on (a date) |
| กระฎุมพี | graL doomM pheeM | bourgeosie; man of wealth | |
| เริ่ม | reermF | to begin; to start; commence | |
ขยายตัว | khaL yaaiR dtuaaM | to expand; enlarge; inflate [intransitive] | |
| ก็ | gaawF | also; too; as well; well...; [suggestion] should... | |
| พบ | phohpH | to meet or rendezvous; locate; find; encounter; experience; discover | |
| ว่า | waaF | [proposition complementizer] that...; as... [see examples] | |
| อำนาจ | amM naatF | authority; power | |
| ของ | khaawngR | of; belonging to; that or those of; [a word used with a pronoun to indicate possesion, as in "John's truck"] | |
| ศักดินา | sakL diL naaM | status in terms of land, counted in rai; right to the possession of farmland | |
| ที่ | theeF | [the relative pronouns] that; which; which is... | |
| ยัง | yangM | yet; since; not yet; still | |
| ตกค้าง | dtohkL khaangH | to be left over; to be remaining; to be left behind | |
| อยู่ | yuuL | [marker indicating the progressive or perfect aspect] | |
| เป็นอุปสรรค | bpenM oopL bpaL sakL | to snag; to impede; to obstruct | |
| ต่อ | dtaawL | against; towards; to; further; on; for | |
| การ | gaanM | [placed before a verb or noun to create a noun which indicates a general activity, process, or state] the process of..., the activity of..., an enactment of..., the state of... [see notes] | |
| เพิ่มพูนโภคทรัพย์ | pheermF phuunM pho:hkF khaH sapH | to accumulate wealth | |
| และ | laeH | and | |
| อำนาจ | amM naatF | authority; power | |
| ของ | khaawngR | of; belonging to; that or those of; [a word used with a pronoun to indicate possesion, as in "John's truck"] | |
| ตน | dtohnM | self; person; man; oneself | |
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