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| ตรากตรำ dtraakL dtramM |  |
| contents of this page | |
| 1. | to endure; persist, persevere, struggle, attempt, strive |
| 2. | hard; callously |
| Royal Institute - 1982 | ||||||
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| pronunciation guide | |
| Phonemic Thai | ตฺราก-ตฺรำ |
| IPA | tràːk tram |
| Royal Thai General System | traktram |
| 1. [verb] | |||
| definition | to endure; persist, persevere, struggle, attempt, strive | ||
| synonyms | กรำ | gramM | to tolerate; suffer; drudge; endure |
ตรำ  | dtramM | to endure, suffer, or undergo (hardships) | |
ทนทุกข์ | thohnM thookH | suffer; endure suffering | |
| ทนทุกข์ทรมาน | thohnM thookH thaawM raH maanM | suffer; endure suffering | |
| related word | สมบุกสมบัน | sohmR bookL sohmR banM | to perservere against great odds or hardships; to drudge onwards; to take great pains |
| example | ตรากตรำความเหน็ดเหนื่อย | dtraakL dtramM khwaamM netL neuuayL | They endure hardship and exhaustion |
| sample sentences | หลังจากตรากตรำทำงานในกรุงเทพฯ เป็นเวลาหลายปี เขาจึงหวนคืนสู่บ้านเกิดของตนเมื่อ ๗ เดือนที่แล้ว langR jaakL dtraakL dtramM thamM ngaanM naiM groongM thaehpF bpenM waehM laaM laaiR bpeeM khaoR jeungM huaanR kheuunM suuL baanF geertL khaawngR dtohnM meuuaF jetL deuuanM theeF laaeoH "After working so hard in Bangkok for many years, seven months ago he returned to the town of his birth." | ||
จ๊อบนี้ก็ดูน่าสนใจไม่ใช่น้อยสำหรับนักศึกษาเพราะไม่ต้องตรากตรำ แต่ได้เดินไปในเดินมาอยู่ในห้างแช่แอร์ทั้งวัน jaawpH neeH gaawF duuM naaF sohnR jaiM maiF chaiF naawyH samR rapL nakH seukL saaR phrawH maiF dtawngF dtraakL dtramM dtaaeL daiF deernM bpaiM naiM deernM maaM yuuL naiM haangF chaaeF aaeM thangH wanM "This job appears rather interesting for students because they don’t have to work very hard, but they get to walk back and forth inside the air-conditioned store all day long." | |||
| 2. [adverb] | |||
| definition | hard; callously | ||
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