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| Notes | Acknowledgement to Don Sena for providing these examples as part of his paper "The Codaphrase in Thai Syntax," an adaptation and reworking of the treatment by Richard B. Noss of the Foreign Service Institute from "Reference Thai Grammar," 1964. |
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เข้าใจไหม  | khaoF jaiM maiH | Do you understand? |
| อะไรวะ | aL raiM waH | [rude interjection] "What?" — "Huh?" |
ดูเขาทำอะไรแน่ะduuM khaoR thamM aL raiM naeF"Look at what they're doing now! [Look at this new thing.]" |
ผมไม่ได้ไปหรอกphohmR maiF daiF bpaiM raawkL"I didn’t go [I surely didn’t!]." |
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ผมล้อเล่นหรอก อย่าโกรธเลยphohmR laawH lenF raawkL yaaL gro:htL leeuyM"‘I was just kidding! [I want you to believe I was just kidding.] Don’t be getting all fired up." |
เดี๋ยวได้หัวแตกกันมั่งหรอกdiaaoR daiF huaaR dtaaekL ganM mangF raawkL"Before you know it, you guys are going to get your heads split. [Better believe it]." |
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ก็คุณเองน่ะซีgaawF khoonM aehngM naF seeM"Well, it was you yourself. [That’s who it was]." |
น้องหมวยน่ะเหรอ สอบได้naawngH muayR naF ruuhrR saawpL daiF"Did little Muay really pass the exam? [You are talking about her, right?]" |
มันจะถูกหัวตัวเองน่ะนาmanM jaL thuukL huaaR dtuaaM aehngM naF naaM"Why, you might hit yourself in the head with it. [You do see what I mean]." |
คุณน่ะแหละ ชอบทำเสียงดังนักkhoonM naF laeL chaawpF thamM siiangR dangM nakH"You really like to make a lot of noise. [I see that you’re the one who does it]." |
ก็เขารู้จักกันอยู่แล้วนี่นาgaawF khaoR ruuH jakL ganM yuuL laaeoH neeF naaM"But they already know each other. [I mean to point this out for your notice]." |
ก็มันจะถูกกระจกนี่นาgaawF manM jaL thuukL graL johkL neeF naaM"Well, you might hit the window with it. [Oh, don’t you see?]" |
ก็ไม่มีใครชวนดิฉันนี่ค่ะgaawF maiF meeM khraiM chuaanM diL chanR neeF khaF"Well, no one invited me. [So that’s why I’m not going]." |
อ้าว! ทำไมใส่แบบเกาหลีมาอีกล่ะ ไหน บอกว่าไม่ชอบไงaaoF thamM maiM saiL baaepL gaoM leeR maaM eekL laF naiR baawkL waaF maiF chaawpF ngaiM"Why on earth are you wearing [that] Korean outfit again? [I thought] you said you didn’t like it!’ [What you said explains my asking.]" |
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น้ำต้มจากรากของต้นไม้ ที่เพื่อนของเขานำมาขายให้เขาเป็นยารักษาอาการปวดเอว น้ำต้มก็จริงอยู่ แต่มันมีการตกตะกอนของรากต้นไม้ไงnaamH dtohmF jaakL raakF khaawngR dtohnF maaiH theeF pheuuanF khaawngR khaoR namM maaM khaaiR haiF khaoR bpenM yaaM rakH saaR aaM gaanM bpuaatL aayoM naamH dtohmF gaawF jingM yuuL dtaaeL manM meeM gaanM dtohkL dtaL gaawnM khaawngR raakF dtohnF maaiH ngaiM"It was water boiled with tree roots, which a friend of his had sold him as a medication to treat his lower-back pain. The water was boiled, all right, but it contained the sediment of the tree roots, you see. [That’s how it was]." |
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ไปไหนกันเนี่ยะbpaiM naiR ganM niaF"Where’s he going?! [It seems strange that he should be going that way]." or "Where do you think you’re going?" |
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คุณจะไปละเหรอkhoonM jaL bpaiM laH ruuhrR"[So,] are you going now? [Seems you weren’t just a minute ago.]" |
เอาละ พอเท่านี้ก่อนaoM laH phaawM thaoF neeH gaawnL"All right, then. This will be enough for now – for the time being." |
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คุณไม่เข้าใจหรือkhoonM maiF khaoF jaiM reuuR"You do not understand? [Don't you understand?]." |
ทานกาแฟอีกมั้ยthaanM gaaM faaeM eekL maiH"Will you have some more coffee? [Subjective response sought]." |
ทานกาแฟอีกหรือthaanM gaaM faaeM eekL reuuR"You’re having more coffee, oh are you? [Objective response sought]" |
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เจ้าหล่อนสวยหรือjaoF laawnL suayR reuuR"Is she pretty? [Is she actually, as a matter of fact?]." |
คุณชอบเป็นทหารไหมkhoonM chaawpF bpenM thaH haanR maiR"Do you like [the whole idea of] being in the military? [Does it appeal to you?]." "Would you like to join the military?" |
คุณชอบเป็นทหารหรือkhoonM chaawpF bpenM thaH haanR reuuR"‘Do you [actually] like being in the military? [Is this something you really like?]." |
เขาดูหนังสือด้วยกันไหมkhaoR duuM nangR seuuR duayF ganM maiR"Are they studying together? [Are they doing it as a matter of choice – are they cool with the idea?]." "Do they study together? [Do they like to, prefer to?] |
เขาดูหนังสือด้วยกันหรือkhaoR duuM nangR seuuR duayF ganM reuuR"Did they study together? [Did they actually?]"
or "Are they going to be studying together?’ [Have they been or are they now scheduled to?] |
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ฉันซื้อกระโปรงนี่มาฝากพี่พิกุล เธอชอบมั้ยนะchanR seuuH graL bpro:hngM neeF maaM faakL pheeF phiH goonM thuuhrM chaawpF maiH naH"I bought this skirt for [big-sister] Phikun – will she like it? [Do you suppose she will?]." |
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เขาต้องการอะไรไหมkhaoR dtawngF gaanM aL raiM maiR"Do they want something?" or "Do they want anything?" |
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คุณกินซะเถอะkhoonM ginM saH thuhL"Go ahead and eat it up. [Oh, go ahead, insofar as you know you want to]." |
กินซะ เถอะซี่ginM saH thuhL seeF"Please go ahead and eat it! [After all, you know you should]." |
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มีหรือ จิงโจ้จะยืนเขย่งได้meeM reuuR jingM jo:hF jaL yeuunM khaL yengL daiF" Is there such a thing as a kangaroo that can stand on tiptoes?" |
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เธอกินแล้วรึยังthuuhrM ginM laaeoH reuH yangM"Did you eat yet?" or "Have you eaten yet?" |
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เขาจะซ่อมรถรึไม่khaoR jaL saawmF rohtH reuH maiF"Are they fixing the car or not?" |
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เขาจะโทรมาหาเรารึไงkhaoR jaL tho:hM maaM haaR raoM reuH ngaiM"Are they going to call us or what?" |
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คุณไม่สนใจหล่อนรึไง ถึงขนาดไม่ค่อยไปคบเลยkhoonM maiF sohnR jaiM laawnL reuH ngaiM theungR khaL naatL maiF khaawyF bpaiM khohpH leeuyM"Are you not interested in her or what – you hardly ever go see her." |
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ไปซะทีbpaiM saH theeM"Go on, go." |
มาดูอะไรนี่ซีmaaM duuM aL raiM neeF seeM"Come look at something here!" |
อย่าไปไหนซีyaaL bpaiM naiR seeM"Don’t go anywhere [now]." |
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ผมไม่ได้ไปไหนเลยนี่phohmR maiF daiF bpaiM naiR leeuyM neeF"[Well] I didn’t go anywhere at all!" |
นั่นซิครับnanF siH khrapH"That’s exactly it."; "That’s just it." |
จะไป ก็ไปสิjaL bpaiM gaawF bpaiM siL"If you’re going, then go right ahead." |
มีซี่meeM seeF"Of course there are [some]!" |
ดีซิค่ะ ทำไมจะไม่ดีdeeM siH khaF thamM maiM jaL maiF deeM"Sure it’s good! Why wouldn’t it be good?" |
อย่าไปนาyaaL bpaiM naaM"Oh, don’t go, OK?’ [Oh, won’t you reconsider?]." |
อย่าไปไหนนะyaaL bpaiM naiR naH"[Please] don’t go anywhere, OK?’ [I‘m hoping you won’t go away someplace]." |
ผมไม่ได้ไปไหนเลยนะphohmR maiF daiF bpaiM naiR leeuyM naH"I didn’t go anywhere at all, did I?" |
ผมไม่ได้ไปไหนเลย ใช่ไหมล่ะphohmR maiF daiF bpaiM naiR leeuyM chaiF maiH laF"I didn’t go anywhere at all, did I?!!’ [Well, how about it — did I??!!]." |
ไปเถอะน่าbpaiM thuhL naaF"Oh, go ahead... go." |
บอกแล้วน่ะนา ไม่เชื่อbaawkL laaeoH naF naaM maiF cheuuaF"I did tell you already, did I not, only to have you not believe me?" |
บอกแล้วนี่นะคะ ไม่เชื่อbaawkL laaeoH neeF naH khaH maiF cheuuaF"This is what I told you, was it not, only to have you not believe me?" |
ไปทางไหนนะครับbpaiM thaangM naiR naH khrapH"Which way is it that you are going?" |
ทำไมนะthamM maiM naH"I wonder why that is." |
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ลาทีละนะlaaM theeM laH naH"Goodbye, now." |
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เก่งจริงนะgengL jingM naH"That’s really clever, isn’t it?" |
จะทำอะไรหนอjaL thamM aL raiM naawR"What is to be done?"; "What am I [or are we, are you...] going to do, [I wonder]?" |
ใครหนอkhraiM naawR" Who would it be?" |
ทำไมหนอthamM maiM naawR"Why is that?" |
เต็มใจมั้ยหนอ โอบอุ้มฉันไปขึ้นบันไดdtemM jaiM maiH naawR o:hpL oomF chanR bpaiM kheunF banM daiM" Think you might be willing to lift me up [in your arms and run me up] the stairs?" |
มันตกค้างที่ที่ทำการไปรษณีย์ที่ปทุมธานีนั่นแหละmanM dtohkL khaangH theeF theeF thamM gaanM bpraiM saL neeM theeF bpaL thoomM thaaM neeM nanF laeL"It’s deadlocked at the post office in Pathum Thani, no doubt. [I’ll bet that’s where it is]." |
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คุณนิ่แหละค่ะ ชอบทำเสียงดังนักkhoonM niF laeL khaF chaawpF thamM siiangR dangM nakH"You’re the one who loves making all that noise. [You need to realize that you are the one.]" |
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เท่านั้นเออะthaoF nanH uhL"Just that amount"; "That’s all, now." [There! That’s just how much it needs to be]." |
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เห็นมั้ยเล่าhenR maiH laoF"Do you see it?!’ [Well, do you?!]." |
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อย่าไปไหนล่ะyaaL bpaiM naiR laF" Don’t go anywhere! [You heard me!]." |
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ผมจะไปได้ยังไงกันหล้าphohmR jaL bpaiM daiF yangM ngaiM ganM laaF" How the hell would I ever be able to get there?!!" |
นั่นไงล่ะ ลูกจ้างผู้หญิงคนใหม่nanF ngaiM laF luukF jaangF phuuF yingR khohnM maiL" There she is — the new female employee! [Wow! Isn’t she something?!]." |
เห็นจะมากไปละมังhenR jaL maakF bpaiM laH mangM"It (seems it) may be a little too much." |
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ทำอะไรวะthamM aL raiM waH"What are you doing?!" |
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แหม แต่งตัวสวยจริง จะไปไหนเอยmaaeR dtaengL dtuaaM suayR jingM jaL bpaiM naiR eeuyM"Say, you’re really gorgeous, [the way] you’re all dressed up! Where are you going?" |
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